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PPL » Navigation » Direction on the Earth

6.4 Direction on the Earth

Direction:

  • The point to or from which a person, object, or movement is oriented.

 

Bearing:

  • The horizontal angle between:
    • the direction of an object, and
    • the direction to another object.
     

 

6.4.2 Describe the 360º Method of Indicating Direction.

For precise navigation, a circle is divided into 360 degrees, with North at the top.

North may be expressed as either 000° or 360°.

All directions are measured clockwise from North and are expressed as a three-figure group.

 

Examples:

  • 045° – Northeast
  • 180° – South
  • 345° – Northwest

 

6.4.4 Describe the Earth's Magnetic Field.

The Earth acts like a large magnet, producing magnetic lines of force around it. These forces are strong enough to influence a freely suspended magnetic needle.

The Earth has two magnetic poles:

  • North Magnetic Pole
  • South Magnetic Pole

 

The North Magnetic Pole is located in the Canadian Arctic, while the South Magnetic Pole lies near Antarctica.

Magnetic lines of force run between the magnetic poles, generally in a north–south direction.

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